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Azure WAF

Pre-Deployment Considerations

Assess web application architecture and identify potential vulnerabilities.

Determine compliance requirements (e.g., GDPR, PCI-DSS).

Define security policies based on application needs.

Evaluate the need for custom rules versus default rules.

WAF Configuration

Select the appropriate WAF SKU (Basic, Standard, or Premium).

Create a WAF policy in the Azure portal.

Configure custom rules as necessary.

Enable managed rule sets for general protection.

Set up rate limiting and IP throttling if required.

Integration with Azure Services

Associate the WAF policy with the Azure Application Gateway or Front Door.

Ensure SSL termination is properly configured.

Validate DNS settings to point to the WAF-enabled service.

Here are some additional steps you could include in the "Integration with Azure Services" section of your Azure WAF checklist

Verify that the backend pool settings are correctly configured for the Application Gateway or Front Door

Enable WebSocket support if required by your application

Configure custom domains and ensure they are properly mapped to the WAF-enabled service

Set up routing rules to direct traffic through the WAF

Review and configure session affinity settings if necessary for your application

Ensure that the WAF policy is associated with the correct routing rules or listeners

Validate that any custom rules or rulesets are correctly applied to the WAF policy

Check for integration with Azure Monitor for logging and analytics

Enable diagnostic settings to stream logs to Azure Monitor or storage accounts

Confirm that the WAF is integrated with Azure Security Center for enhanced security posture reporting

Testing and Validation

Deploy the WAF policy in a staging environment.

Conduct penetration testing to validate effectiveness.

Monitor logs and alerts for anomalies and false positives.

Fine-tune rules based on testing outcomes.

Monitoring and Maintenance

Set up Azure Monitor and Application Insights for ongoing monitoring.

Regularly review WAF logs for unusual activity.

Schedule periodic reviews of WAF rules and policies.

Update managed rule sets and custom rules as new threats emerge.

Here are some additional steps that could be included in the Monitoring and Maintenance section of your Azure WAF checklist

Conduct routine performance assessments to ensure WAF is not impacting application performance

Set up alerts for specific thresholds or anomalies detected in WAF logs

Implement automated scripts for regular backups of WAF configuration

Review and validate firewall policies and rules to ensure they are still relevant and effective

Document any changes made to WAF configurations for future reference

Train staff on interpreting WAF logs and incident response protocols

Establish a regular cadence for reviewing and testing incident response plans related to WAF alerts

Monitor changes in application architecture that may require updates to WAF configurations

Collaborate with security teams to integrate threat intelligence feeds for proactive rule updates

Review and adjust rate limiting settings based on application usage patterns and traffic spikes

Incident Response

Develop an incident response plan specific to WAF alerts.

Train staff on responding to WAF alerts and incidents.

Conduct regular drills to ensure readiness.

Documentation and Reporting

Document WAF configurations and policies.

Generate regular reports on WAF performance and incidents.

Maintain an updated list of compliance requirements and how they are met.

By following this checklist, IT organizations can effectively implement and manage Azure WAF to secure their web applications.

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