financial reporting council checklist for auditors to review financial statement

I. Preliminary Planning

  • Research the entity's business operations and industry.
  • Review organizational structure, products, and services.
  • Analyze market conditions and competitive landscape.
  • Consider external factors affecting the entity, like economic trends.
  • Evaluate potential risks related to financial reporting accuracy.
  • Identify areas of significant judgment or estimation.
  • Consider historical issues that may recur in reporting.
  • Document risks for further assessment during the audit.
  • Review existing internal controls over financial reporting.
  • Test the effectiveness of controls in place.
  • Identify any control weaknesses or areas for improvement.
  • Consider management's oversight and governance processes.
  • Examine prior year audit reports for noted issues.
  • Discuss prior findings with the current management.
  • Determine if previous concerns were adequately addressed.
  • Document insights for current audit planning.
  • Outline the overall audit approach and objectives.
  • Define the scope of the audit based on risks.
  • Allocate resources and assign responsibilities.
  • Establish timelines and key milestones.
  • Analyze trends in financial statements and ratios.
  • Identify unusual fluctuations or variances.
  • Compare current data with prior periods and benchmarks.
  • Document findings to inform audit procedures.
  • Review the entity's accounting policies for consistency.
  • Identify areas requiring significant estimates or judgments.
  • Assess the appropriateness of selected accounting methods.
  • Document potential risks related to estimates.
  • Research industry-specific regulations and changes.
  • Understand the impact of regulatory environment on reporting.
  • Analyze industry trends that may affect the entity.
  • Consider compliance risks in the audit plan.
  • Schedule meetings to discuss recent developments.
  • Gather insights on changes in operations or strategy.
  • Document concerns raised by management or governance.
  • Assess implications for financial reporting.
  • Establish quantitative and qualitative materiality levels.
  • Consider user needs and potential impact of misstatements.
  • Document rationale for determined thresholds.
  • Review thresholds throughout the audit process.
  • Evaluate team members' qualifications and experience.
  • Ensure team independence from the entity.
  • Review any potential conflicts of interest.
  • Document assessments for compliance.
  • Determine areas requiring specialized knowledge.
  • Assess whether internal resources are adequate.
  • Identify external specialists if needed.
  • Document justification for engaging specialists.
  • Create a detailed audit timeline with key dates.
  • Schedule kickoff and progress meetings with stakeholders.
  • Ensure alignment of expectations with management.
  • Document all scheduled meetings and agendas.
  • Review organizational documents and recent changes.
  • Understand the impact of operational changes on reporting.
  • Gather insights from management on strategic shifts.
  • Document operational context for the audit.
  • Analyze budgetary figures against actual performance.
  • Identify significant variances and their implications.
  • Discuss forecasts with management to understand assumptions.
  • Document findings for reference in the audit.

II. Compliance with Financial Reporting Standards

  • Identify the relevant standards applicable to the entity.
  • Review the financial statements for compliance with these standards.
  • Document any deviations and assess their materiality.
  • Review the entity's accounting policies for relevance and consistency.
  • Assess whether policies align with applicable standards.
  • Document any concerns regarding policy appropriateness.
  • Identify key estimates and judgments used in the financial statements.
  • Evaluate the reasonableness of assumptions made.
  • Ensure proper disclosures regarding estimates are included.
  • Compare current financial statements with prior periods.
  • Identify any changes in accounting policies or estimates.
  • Document the rationale for any inconsistencies.
  • Review financial statements for completeness of disclosures.
  • Ensure all required disclosures per standards are included.
  • Document any missing or incomplete disclosures.
  • Identify recently adopted or upcoming standards.
  • Evaluate the effect on the financial statements.
  • Document management's assessment and actions taken.
  • Check that items are classified correctly (e.g., current vs. non-current).
  • Ensure presentation aligns with accounting standards.
  • Document any misclassifications or presentation issues.
  • Review cut-off procedures for accuracy.
  • Ensure transactions are recorded in the appropriate period.
  • Document any cut-off errors identified.
  • Identify all related party transactions.
  • Ensure proper disclosures are made as per standards.
  • Document any incomplete disclosures.
  • Review accounting for foreign currency transactions.
  • Ensure compliance with relevant translation standards.
  • Document any inconsistencies or issues found.
  • Compare current and prior period policies for consistency.
  • Document any changes and their justification.
  • Assess the impact on financial statements.
  • Identify all contingent liabilities and commitments.
  • Review the recognition and measurement criteria applied.
  • Document any deficiencies in accounting.
  • Review revenue recognition policies and practices.
  • Ensure compliance with revenue recognition standards.
  • Document any concerns regarding recognition practices.
  • Evaluate overall presentation of financial statements.
  • Consider materiality and completeness of information.
  • Document any concerns regarding the fair view.

III. Financial Statement Review

  • Verify all assets, liabilities, and equity are recorded.
  • Ensure items are categorized correctly.
  • Check for missing accounts or discrepancies.
  • Confirm valuations and calculations are accurate.
  • Ensure revenue and expenses are classified correctly.
  • Check for consistency with previous periods.
  • Verify that all income and expense items are included.
  • Assess the presentation format for clarity.
  • Verify cash inflows and outflows are accurately recorded.
  • Ensure proper classification of operating, investing, and financing activities.
  • Check for consistency with other financial statements.
  • Confirm calculations of cash equivalents are correct.
  • Review all disclosures for relevance to users.
  • Ensure compliance with applicable reporting standards.
  • Check for any omitted disclosures.
  • Assess clarity of the information presented.
  • Review the footnotes for policy completeness.
  • Ensure policies are applied consistently across periods.
  • Check for any changes in accounting policies.
  • Assess appropriateness of policies relative to industry norms.
  • Review financial statements against applicable standards.
  • Ensure all required disclosures are included.
  • Assess compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.
  • Document any non-compliance issues identified.
  • Calculate key ratios like liquidity and profitability.
  • Compare ratios against industry benchmarks.
  • Identify significant deviations from prior periods.
  • Document reasons for any unusual trends.
  • Ensure notes adequately explain financial statement items.
  • Check for clarity in language and presentation.
  • Verify all necessary disclosures are included.
  • Assess relevance of information to financial statement users.
  • Review management's assumptions and estimates.
  • Check for reasonableness based on historical data.
  • Assess impact of estimates on financial statements.
  • Document any concerns regarding management's judgments.
  • Review classifications of current vs. non-current.
  • Ensure proper categorization of financial instruments.
  • Check for consistency with prior year classifications.
  • Assess compliance with accounting standards.
  • Identify all related party transactions.
  • Ensure proper accounting treatment is applied.
  • Verify disclosures are complete and transparent.
  • Assess terms and conditions for fairness.
  • Review documentation for prior period adjustments.
  • Ensure adjustments are recorded in the correct period.
  • Check disclosures explaining the nature of adjustments.
  • Assess impact on current financial statements.
  • Ensure compliance with applicable revenue recognition standards.
  • Assess timing and method of revenue recognition.
  • Check for consistency with industry practices.
  • Document any concerns with recognition practices.
  • Identify events occurring after the reporting period.
  • Evaluate whether events require disclosure or adjustment.
  • Document implications for financial position or results.
  • Ensure compliance with standards on subsequent events.
  • Identify all material contingencies and commitments.
  • Ensure proper accounting treatment is applied.
  • Check for completeness in disclosures.
  • Assess potential impact on financial statements.
  • Evaluate rationale behind accounting changes.
  • Check for consistency with accounting policies.
  • Document any impacts on financial statements.
  • Ensure disclosures about changes are clear.

IV. Internal Controls Assessment

  • Review control objectives and related controls.
  • Assess alignment with organizational policies.
  • Determine if controls are designed to mitigate risks.
  • Evaluate whether controls are effectively communicated.
  • Document findings and recommendations for improvement.
  • Select a sample of transactions for testing.
  • Perform tests to verify control operation.
  • Document the results of testing procedures.
  • Identify deviations from expected control performance.
  • Report findings to management for action.
  • Compare control design against best practices.
  • Assess impact of deficiencies on financial reporting.
  • Prioritize deficiencies based on risk assessment.
  • Document identified deficiencies and their implications.
  • Prepare a summary report for stakeholders.
  • Evaluate timeliness and adequacy of responses.
  • Assess action plans for addressing weaknesses.
  • Verify implementation of corrective measures.
  • Document management's follow-up actions.
  • Provide feedback on the effectiveness of responses.
  • Evaluate leadership commitment to internal controls.
  • Assess communication of ethical values and policies.
  • Review organizational structure and governance practices.
  • Identify factors influencing the control culture.
  • Document observations regarding the control environment.
  • Evaluate the methodology used for risk assessment.
  • Assess the identification of significant risks.
  • Review documentation of risk evaluation outcomes.
  • Determine alignment with internal control objectives.
  • Provide recommendations for enhancing the process.
  • Review documentation for clarity and completeness.
  • Assess consistency with established policies and procedures.
  • Identify gaps in documentation of key controls.
  • Ensure documentation supports control design and operation.
  • Provide feedback for improving documentation practices.
  • Select key processes for walkthroughs.
  • Engage relevant personnel in discussions.
  • Document the flow of transactions and controls.
  • Validate design against intended control objectives.
  • Identify areas for potential improvement.
  • Identify roles and responsibilities in key processes.
  • Evaluate whether duties are appropriately separated.
  • Assess risk of fraud or error due to inadequate segregation.
  • Document findings and recommendations for improvement.
  • Provide guidance on best practices for segregation.
  • Identify key IT controls affecting financial reporting.
  • Perform tests on access controls and data accuracy.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of IT general controls.
  • Document test results and any deficiencies found.
  • Report findings to relevant stakeholders.
  • Establish a plan for continuous auditing activities.
  • Identify key metrics for monitoring control effectiveness.
  • Review audit results and follow up on issues.
  • Adjust audit focus based on identified risks.
  • Document monitoring results and actions taken.
  • Assess completeness of corrective action implementation.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of actions taken.
  • Document improvements and ongoing issues.
  • Provide recommendations for further action, if necessary.
  • Report findings to senior management.
  • Identify recent organizational changes or process modifications.
  • Assess risk implications of these changes.
  • Evaluate whether existing controls remain effective.
  • Document any necessary adjustments to controls.
  • Provide recommendations for mitigating new risks.
  • Identify key personnel for interviews.
  • Develop questions to assess understanding of controls.
  • Document responses and assess compliance levels.
  • Identify training needs based on interview findings.
  • Provide feedback to management on personnel's understanding.
  • Gather historical data on control failures.
  • Identify patterns or recurring issues.
  • Evaluate the impact of control failures on financial reporting.
  • Document findings and trends observed.
  • Provide insights for future risk assessments.
  • Evaluate the content and frequency of training programs.
  • Assess employee participation and engagement levels.
  • Determine effectiveness of training in enhancing awareness.
  • Document gaps in training efforts.
  • Provide recommendations for improving training programs.
  • Gather external audit reports and findings.
  • Evaluate management's responses to audit findings.
  • Document actions taken to address concerns.
  • Assess the effectiveness of management's corrective actions.
  • Provide recommendations for ongoing improvements.
  • Identify relevant regulatory requirements.
  • Assess compliance with applicable regulations.
  • Document findings and any areas of non-compliance.
  • Provide recommendations for achieving compliance.
  • Report compliance status to management.

V. Analytical Procedures

  • Calculate key financial ratios, such as liquidity, profitability, and solvency.
  • Compare current ratios with historical data to identify trends.
  • Document any significant deviations and investigate their reasons.
  • Identify relevant industry benchmarks for comparison.
  • Analyze financial metrics against these benchmarks.
  • Note areas of underperformance or overperformance and explore underlying causes.
  • Identify any unexpected changes in financial statement line items.
  • Gather documentation for unusual transactions.
  • Assess the rationale and accuracy of these fluctuations.
  • Review the company's revenue recognition policies for compliance.
  • Assess the timing and method of revenue recognition.
  • Evaluate how these policies affect reported revenues and profits.
  • Convert financial statements into common-size format.
  • Analyze the percentage of each line item relative to total revenue or assets.
  • Identify trends and anomalies in the proportion of expenses.
  • Calculate margins for each reporting period.
  • Compare margins to identify improvements or declines.
  • Investigate factors contributing to margin changes.
  • Analyze cash flow statements over multiple periods.
  • Compare net income with cash flows from operating activities.
  • Identify discrepancies and assess implications for earnings quality.
  • Prepare a variance report comparing actual vs. budgeted performance.
  • Investigate significant variances and their causes.
  • Document findings and recommend actions based on analysis.
  • Review changes in current assets and liabilities.
  • Analyze how these changes affect liquidity ratios.
  • Evaluate operational efficiency based on working capital management.
  • Examine correlations between sales and accounts receivable turnover.
  • Assess inventory levels in relation to sales volume.
  • Identify trends and potential issues in these relationships.
  • Analyze discrepancies between forecasts/budgets and actual results.
  • Evaluate the accuracy of management's projections.
  • Document insights on planning effectiveness and areas for improvement.
  • Research economic indicators relevant to the industry.
  • Identify regulatory changes impacting financial results.
  • Assess the potential impact of these external factors on performance.
  • Maintain a detailed record of all analytical procedures performed.
  • Summarize findings and conclusions clearly.
  • Ensure documentation supports the audit opinion and is accessible.

VI. Audit Evidence Collection

  • Identify relevant assertions for each significant account.
  • Determine the nature, timing, and extent of procedures.
  • Collect evidence that is both reliable and relevant.
  • Ensure evidence gathered supports audit conclusions.
  • Select significant accounts for confirmation.
  • Send confirmation requests directly to third parties.
  • Follow up on any non-responses promptly.
  • Evaluate responses for discrepancies and investigate as needed.
  • Assess management's integrity and competency.
  • Consider the source and context of the information.
  • Compare management information against independent evidence.
  • Document rationale for any reliance on management assertions.
  • Create clear and concise records of evidence obtained.
  • Summarize the basis for audit conclusions reached.
  • Ensure documentation supports the audit opinion.
  • Maintain organization for easy retrieval during reviews.
  • Identify high-risk areas for substantive testing.
  • Select appropriate sampling methods for transactions.
  • Test transactions for accuracy and completeness.
  • Document findings and any necessary adjustments.
  • Compare current financial data to prior periods.
  • Evaluate relationships between financial statement items.
  • Investigate any significant fluctuations or anomalies.
  • Document analysis and any follow-up actions taken.
  • Select key transactions for detailed inspection.
  • Verify supporting documents against recorded amounts.
  • Assess the appropriateness of the documentation.
  • Ensure all necessary approvals are present and valid.
  • Schedule observation during inventory counts.
  • Ensure proper procedures are followed during counts.
  • Evaluate inventory valuation methods used by the client.
  • Document observations and any discrepancies noted.
  • Compare internal reports with the financial statements.
  • Identify any inconsistencies or unusual entries.
  • Discuss discrepancies with management for clarification.
  • Document findings and any corrective actions required.
  • Evaluate design and implementation of controls.
  • Test the effectiveness of key controls.
  • Document any weaknesses identified and recommend improvements.
  • Consider the impact of controls on audit procedures.
  • Prepare targeted questions regarding estimates.
  • Engage with relevant personnel for insights.
  • Document responses and rationale for estimates used.
  • Evaluate the reasonableness of the assumptions.
  • Identify applicable laws and regulations.
  • Review compliance procedures in place.
  • Conduct tests to confirm adherence to regulations.
  • Document findings and any instances of non-compliance.
  • Review accounting policies for compliance with standards.
  • Assess consistency with prior periods’ policies.
  • Evaluate the rationale for any policy changes.
  • Document conclusions regarding policy appropriateness.
  • Identify significant events occurring post-reporting date.
  • Evaluate their impact on financial statements.
  • Document evidence and disclosures related to events.
  • Consider implications for audit opinion.
  • Review disclosures against applicable reporting standards.
  • Ensure all necessary disclosures are included.
  • Evaluate clarity and understandability of disclosures.
  • Document any omissions or inaccuracies found.
  • Examine prior audit reports and findings.
  • Assess management's actions taken on prior issues.
  • Document any unresolved matters and follow-up actions.
  • Consider implications for current audit assessment.
  • Review credentials and background of external experts.
  • Evaluate potential conflicts of interest.
  • Document findings related to their independence.
  • Assess the quality of work provided by experts.

VII. Final Review and Reporting

  • Cross-check figures against working papers.
  • Verify mathematical calculations in the statements.
  • Ensure all sections of the financial statements are complete.
  • Look for consistency in terminology and presentation.
  • Review applicable regulations and standards.
  • Match disclosures against regulatory checklists.
  • Identify any areas of non-compliance.
  • Document compliance findings for the report.
  • Draft the auditor's report following standard templates.
  • Include key observations and recommendations.
  • Ensure clarity and conciseness in the language used.
  • Review the draft with the audit team for feedback.
  • Schedule meetings with management and governance.
  • Present findings clearly with supporting evidence.
  • Encourage questions and discussion on findings.
  • Document management's responses and any agreed actions.
  • Review disclosure requirements from applicable standards.
  • Cross-check disclosures against completed financial statements.
  • Ensure all significant accounting policies are disclosed.
  • Highlight any omitted disclosures for follow-up.
  • Assess the nature of each adjustment made.
  • Document the rationale for each adjustment.
  • Evaluate overall impact on financial ratios and performance.
  • Discuss implications of adjustments with management.
  • Review the accounting policies adopted by management.
  • Compare current policies with previous periods.
  • Determine if any changes require disclosure.
  • Document findings in the audit report.
  • Ensure compliance with formatting standards.
  • Check for clarity in the presentation of data.
  • Verify that all statements are correctly labeled.
  • Look for consistency in font and style.
  • Review minutes from board meetings post-year-end.
  • Assess any significant events that impact financial statements.
  • Ensure disclosures reflect any relevant subsequent events.
  • Document findings in the final report.
  • Prepare a management representation letter template.
  • Schedule a meeting to discuss the letter with management.
  • Ensure management understands the implications of their representations.
  • Obtain signed letter prior to final report completion.
  • Check that all sections of the report are included.
  • Verify that findings align with the financial statements.
  • Ensure clarity and readability of language used.
  • Seek feedback from peers on the report's content.
  • Compile a list of all identified issues.
  • Confirm resolution actions taken by management.
  • Document outstanding issues and their impact.
  • Discuss unresolved issues with management.
  • Assess the significance of unresolved matters.
  • Determine potential impact on the audit opinion.
  • Document considerations and rationale for opinion.
  • Discuss findings with the audit team.
  • Evaluate management's assumptions and forecasts.
  • Consider external factors that may affect going concern.
  • Document findings and any concerns regarding viability.
  • Discuss conclusions with management.
  • Prepare a communication plan for stakeholders.
  • Summarize key findings and recommendations.
  • Distribute findings to all relevant parties.
  • Document receipt of communication by stakeholders.
  • Compile a concise summary of significant findings.
  • List recommendations for improvement.
  • Ensure clarity and actionable language.
  • Share summary with the audit team and management.
  • Document follow-up action items with deadlines.
  • Assign responsibilities for follow-up actions.
  • Schedule follow-up meetings to track progress.
  • Ensure integration of findings into future audits.

VIII. Post-Audit Activities

  • Schedule a meeting with all team members.
  • Review the audit process and key findings.
  • Discuss any challenges faced during the audit.
  • Encourage open communication for team feedback.
  • Document insights and action items for future audits.
  • Analyze feedback from the debriefing session.
  • Compile a list of recurring issues or challenges.
  • Prioritize areas needing enhancement.
  • Develop actionable steps for improvement.
  • Share findings with the audit team.
  • Review all documentation for completeness.
  • Incorporate any changes or updates identified.
  • Ensure all working papers are properly referenced.
  • Organize files for easy access in future audits.
  • Confirm compliance with regulatory standards.
  • Verify deadlines for submission of documents.
  • Prepare financial statements for filing.
  • Review all reports for accuracy and completeness.
  • Coordinate with relevant departments for final approval.
  • Submit documents to regulatory bodies on time.
  • Create a feedback form or questionnaire.
  • Schedule a meeting with the client.
  • Discuss strengths and weaknesses of the audit.
  • Document client responses for analysis.
  • Use feedback to inform future audit practices.
  • Evaluate the audit plan against outcomes.
  • Determine if objectives were met effectively.
  • Identify successful strategies and methodologies.
  • Assess any areas of improvement needed.
  • Compile findings into a report for the team.
  • Create a summary of key lessons from the audit.
  • Include specific examples and outcomes.
  • Share best practices with the audit team.
  • Maintain a repository for future audits.
  • Review and update regularly based on new experiences.
  • Review identified risks from the audit.
  • Analyze changes in the client's environment.
  • Adjust risk ratings based on audit outcomes.
  • Document any new risks or concerns.
  • Ensure the updated assessment is communicated.
  • Prepare a presentation of key findings.
  • Identify stakeholders who need to be informed.
  • Schedule meetings to discuss outcomes.
  • Provide clear, actionable recommendations.
  • Follow up to ensure understanding and implementation.
  • Establish a timeline for recommendation implementation.
  • Assign responsibilities for each recommendation.
  • Schedule regular check-ins to assess progress.
  • Document the status of each recommendation.
  • Report back to stakeholders on implementation status.
  • Schedule a follow-up review date.
  • Re-assess previously identified issues.
  • Document progress made since the last audit.
  • Identify any remaining weaknesses or new issues.
  • Report findings to relevant stakeholders.
  • Collect performance feedback from the team.
  • Assess individual contributions and effectiveness.
  • Identify areas where training is needed.
  • Provide resources or training sessions as required.
  • Document evaluation results for future reference.
  • Review all audit documentation for completeness.
  • Organize files according to regulatory guidelines.
  • Ensure secure storage of sensitive information.
  • Confirm compliance with retention policies.
  • Document the archiving process for accountability.
  • Draft a concise report summarizing findings.
  • Include key metrics and performance indicators.
  • Highlight strengths and areas for improvement.
  • Distribute the report to relevant stakeholders.
  • Gather feedback on the report for future enhancements.

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