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hardening linux rhel 8 pci dss

System Configuration

Ensure that the latest security updates and patches are applied.

Disable unnecessary services and daemons.

Configure system-wide password policies (complexity, expiration).

Ensure that SSH is configured securely (disable root login, use key-based authentication).

Set up appropriate file permissions and ownership.

Firewall and Network Security

Configure the firewall (firewalld) to allow only necessary traffic.

Disable unused network interfaces.

Ensure that all ports are properly managed and monitored.

Implement intrusion detection systems (IDS) for monitoring network traffic.

Use VPNs for remote access to sensitive systems.

Logging and Monitoring

Enable and configure system logging (rsyslog or journald).

Ensure that logs are stored securely and rotated regularly.

Implement log monitoring and alerting for suspicious activity.

Configure auditd to monitor for unauthorized access and changes.

Regularly review logs for anomalies.

User Access Control

Implement role-based access control (RBAC) where applicable.

Regularly review user accounts and permissions.

Disable or remove accounts that are no longer in use.

Enforce two-factor authentication (2FA) for administrative access.

Limit sudo access to only necessary users.

Data Protection

Encrypt sensitive data at rest and in transit using strong encryption protocols.

Ensure proper key management practices are in place.

Regularly back up critical data and test restoration procedures.

Use secure protocols (e.g., HTTPS, SFTP) for data transmission.

Implement data loss prevention (DLP) measures as needed.

Application Security

Ensure that all applications are updated and patched regularly.

Conduct vulnerability scanning and penetration testing.

Implement web application firewalls (WAF) for web-facing applications.

Validate and sanitize all user input to prevent injection attacks.

Monitor and restrict application access based on least privilege principles.

Physical Security

Ensure that physical access to servers and networking equipment is restricted.

Use locked server racks and controlled access to data centers.

Implement environmental controls (temperature, humidity, fire suppression).

Regularly review physical security policies and procedures.

Incident Response

Develop and maintain an incident response plan.

Regularly train staff on incident response procedures.

Conduct tabletop exercises to test the incident response plan.

Ensure that there is a process for reporting and documenting incidents.

Review and update the incident response plan based on lessons learned.

This checklist provides a comprehensive approach to hardening RHEL 8 systems in compliance with PCI DSS requirements. Regular review and updates are essential to maintain security posture.

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