step by step checklist for performing systematic literature review

Define the research question or objective clearly.

Develop a protocol outlining the review process.

Identify the inclusion and exclusion criteria for studies.

Determine the databases and other sources to be searched.

Conduct a comprehensive search using predefined keywords and phrases.

Utilize Boolean operators to refine search results.

Document the search strategy, including databases and date of search.

Keep track of the number of results from each database.

Screen titles and abstracts against inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Retrieve full texts for studies that meet initial criteria.

Conduct a second round of screening on full texts.

Record reasons for excluding studies at both screening stages.

Develop a data extraction form or template.

Extract relevant data from selected studies (e.g., authors, year, methods, results).

Organize data for analysis (e.g., using spreadsheets or software).

Verify accuracy of extracted data with a second reviewer if possible.

Choose an appropriate tool for assessing study quality (e.g., Cochrane Risk of Bias tool).

Evaluate each study based on the selected quality assessment criteria.

Document the quality assessment findings for each included study.

Decide on the method for data synthesis (e.g., qualitative synthesis, meta-analysis).

Summarize findings from included studies.

Identify patterns, themes, or gaps in the literature.

Discuss the implications of the findings in relation to the research question.

Follow preferred reporting guidelines (e.g., PRISMA).

Write the systematic review, including sections on methodology, results, and discussion.

Provide a clear and transparent account of the review process.

Submit the review to a relevant journal or share with stakeholders.

Establish a plan for updating the systematic review as new studies emerge.

Schedule regular intervals for checking new literature relevant to the review topic.

Document any changes in criteria or methodology for future updates.